What does Psalm 82:6 mean?

Jesus cited this verse when defending Himself against accusations of blasphemy (John 10:33–38). His point in that exchange was that God's own Word refers to human beings using the term elohiym; how could they object if Jesus applied similar terms to Himself?

In broad terms, God appoints human rulers and judges (Romans 13:1). His intent is that they rule as His representatives, echoing His commitment to the weak and needy (Proverbs 31:9). People may not always agree with the authorities or enjoy submitting to their rule. Yet we should do so out of respect for God's sovereignty. God does not always approve of who we choose as our leaders (Hosea 8:4). Yet this is not a license for anarchy.

Nor does submission to human government mean agreeing to commit sin (Acts 5:29). But it does mean obedience when all that's violated are our own preferences.

It is also important that we pray for human authorities. First Timothy 2:1–3 carries the apostle Paul's admonition: "I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way. This is good, and it is pleasing in the sight of God our Savior."

The judges being condemned by Asaph (Psalm 82:1–2) have failed in their role. They have offered unfair decisions, favoring those who are evil instead of those who are innocent (Psalm 82:3–4). This cracks the cornerstones of human civilization (Psalm 82:5).