What does Luke 2:38 mean?
When Jesus is brought to the temple as an infant, for purification rites (Luke 2:22–24), at least two people take special notice. One of these was Simeon, a man deeply influenced by the Holy Spirit, who praised God for sending Jesus as the Promised Messiah (Luke 2:25–32). The other is Anna, a "prophetess" (Luke 2:36; Exodus 15:20; Judges 4:4) who has lived most of her life as a widow (Luke 2:37). Most of Anna's time is spent in prayer and worship.Old Testament prophecies said that Messiah would come to rescue Israel and establish an unending era of peace and security (Isaiah 9:6–7). Anna recognizes Jesus—either on her own or when she hears Simeon's praise—and begins to tell others about the good news. The phrase translated as "coming up at that very hour" seems to suggest Anna arrived at the temple just as Jesus had His encounter with Simeon. If so, she might have been guided by the Holy Spirit to participate in this event.
Luke 2:22–38 contains several interesting events. The infant Jesus is brought to the temple for purification and dedication, as commanded in Mosaic law. There, a devout man speaks through the Holy Spirit to celebrate the arrival of Messiah. Luke also mentions a prophetess named Anna, who likewise praises God for fulfilling His promises.
The early part of this chapter is famously read at Christmas, while celebrating the birth of Jesus. Luke gives a relatively brief description of how Mary came to give birth in a stable, laying Jesus in a feeding trough. Nearby shepherds are informed of the news by multiple angels. Two people speak in praise of God at Jesus' circumcision. Years later, Joseph and Mary lose track of Jesus on the way back from Jerusalem, only to find Him astounding teachers in the temple with His wisdom.