What does Luke 2:14 mean?

The same group of shepherds initially terrified by the appearance of one angel (Luke 2:9) are now thrilled to see a massive collection of heavenly beings praising God (Luke 2:10–13). These angels sing to celebrate the recent birth of Jesus (Luke 2:6–7), now resting with Mary in nearby Bethlehem.

Most translations of this verse connect the "peace" being proclaimed to God's pleasure with a certain group. This is alternately phrased as "those with whom he is pleased," "those on whom his favor rests," or "people He favors." The King James translation inverts part of the phrase, indicating a broader "good will toward men." While the gospel of Jesus Christ is a message of reconciliation and hope (John 3:16–17), that hope is only accessible to those who believe in Him (John 3:18, 36). Accurately translated, the angels are not declaring God's benevolence to all humanity; they are celebrating His mercy to those who follow His will by accepting His Son (John 6:28–29; Hebrews 11:6).

When the angelic choir departs, these shepherds will hurry into Bethlehem to see the newborn Christ for themselves (Luke 2:15–16).