What does John 19:38 mean?

As in any large group, there was diversity among Jerusalem's religious leaders. Not every member rejected Christ's claims. Nicodemus, who came to speak to Jesus in private (John 3:1–2), was a Pharisee and member of the ruling council. He is an example of a traditional leader who maintained a sincere interest in truth (John 7:51). Most likely, such men were deliberately excluded from the hasty, secret midnight meeting which condemned Jesus to death (Matthew 26:57–59; Luke 23:50–51).

Joseph of Arimathea is one of these spiritually open religious leaders. His sincerity does not translate to courage. While Nicodemus was at least willing to challenge his peers (John 7:51), we have no public expressions from Joseph until after Jesus is dead. His fear is understandable, given the hardened views of most of the council (John 9:22) and their murderous approach to Jesus' ministry (John 11:48–53).

On the other hand, associating with Jesus after His death is still a risky choice (John 20:19). Joseph's nerve might have come about late (Mark 15:43), but his act demonstrates compassion and bravery. He will be joined by the other known religious leader who believes in Christ, Nicodemus (John 19:39), as they bury Jesus in Joseph's own tomb (Matthew 27:59). The abnormality of a poor man (Matthew 8:20) being buried in the extravagant crypt of a rich leader (John 19:41) is also a fulfillment of prophecy (Isaiah 53:9).