What does John 7:31 mean?
This passage describes a wide variety of opinions about Jesus. Even before He made an appearance at this festival, the people were split over what Jesus' ministry meant (John 7:12).The religious authorities intend to kill Jesus at their first good opportunity (John 5:18). Even though they know more about the Scriptures than anyone else, they reject Christ because they are stubborn (John 5:39–40). Disobedience, not a lack of knowledge, is what prevents these well-educated men from seeing Jesus for who He really is (John 7:17).
Those who are less informed than the Pharisees are still confused. Some look to Jewish traditions which suggest Messiah will be an anonymous figure (John 7:27). Based on this, many think that a common man such as Jesus cannot be the Promised One. This, it seems, includes many members of Jesus' own family (John 7:5).
And then there are those who follow all the evidence exactly where it leads. The gospel of John uses the term "signs" in reference to the miracles Jesus performs to prove Himself (John 20:30–31). These are specifically mentioned by Christ as one of the reasons people ought to accept His words (John 5:36). As shown here, some of the people look at the miraculous works of Jesus in the same way Nicodemus did in chapter 3 (John 3:1–2); how could someone do more than this—isn't that enough to prove He is the Christ?
John 7:25–36 is a milestone in the plot to kill Jesus. Jesus continues to criticize the local religious leaders, who are unable to successfully arrest Him. This leads the people to wonder: are the scribes and Pharisees in agreement with Jesus or too weak to stop Him? That crisis of confidence will make the Jewish leaders more convinced that they need to silence Jesus at all costs. Even so, misinterpreting His comments in the passage presents a possible solution: if Jesus is going somewhere they cannot follow, perhaps the problem will resolve itself.
Six months after the feeding of thousands, and the public debate which followed, Jesus plans to attend the Feast of Booths, also called the Festival of Tabernacles. Rather than going publicly, He chooses to arrive privately, and after His family. While teaching and preaching there, Jesus once again comes into conflict with local religious leaders. The crowds take note of His profound words, history of miracles, and the inability of the religious leaders to silence Him. This causes the people to openly question their spiritual leaders. This embarrassment is a milestone in the effort to permanently silence Jesus.