What does John 21:11 mean?
Peter had jumped overboard in excitement after realizing Jesus was waiting for the disciples on the shore (John 21:7). The others followed behind with an enormous catch of fish, which Jesus told them to be sure to bring in (John 21:8–10). The number of fish mentioned here does not have any deeper meaning. There is no symbolism to the number 153, nor any importance other than John is giving an eyewitness account. Presumably, to fishermen of that era, this would have been a meaningful sense of just how many fish were caught.This miraculous moment echoed a similar incident early in Jesus' ministry (Luke 5:5–8). In that moment, Jesus had called the disciples to become "fishers of men" (Luke 5:10). Though Peter loyally followed Christ, he also succumbed to fear and denied Jesus several times in the hours before the crucifixion (John 18:25–27). As they eat a breakfast of fish and bread, Jesus will restore Peter to his calling as a disciple (John 21:17–19).
John 21:1–14 begins by describing another encounter between the disciples and Jesus, after His resurrection. Seven of them have an unsuccessful night fishing; this is possibly a sign that their calling is to be evangelists, not anglers. A figure on the beach tells them to cast their net to the other side of the boat, resulting in a massive catch. John realizes the man is Jesus, and Peter dives overboard to swim to shore. There, the other disciples arrive to find a breakfast of bread and fish waiting for them, along with Jesus.
After Jesus' resurrection, a group of disciples goes fishing while they wait in Galilee. From a distance, a figure appears and tells the men to cast again. Despite a fruitless night, they obey, and the net is immediately overflowing with fish. This confirms that the man on the shore is Jesus. As the disciples eat a meal with Christ, He presses Peter to reaffirm His faith. Jesus then predicts the nature of Peter's death; He does not do so for John. The gospel of John ends with an affirmation of its source, and a reminder that no single book could contain every detail of Jesus' ministry.