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Mark 14:1

ESV It was now two days before the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread. And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to arrest him by stealth and kill him,
NIV Now the Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread were only two days away, and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were scheming to arrest Jesus secretly and kill him.
NASB Now the Passover and Festival of Unleavened Bread were two days away; and the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to arrest Him covertly and kill Him;
CSB It was two days before the Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread. The chief priests and the scribes were looking for a cunning way to arrest Jesus and kill him.
NLT It was now two days before Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread. The leading priests and the teachers of religious law were still looking for an opportunity to capture Jesus secretly and kill him.
KJV After two days was the feast of the passover, and of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death.

What does Mark 14:1 mean?

Where Mark mentions the chief priests and scribes, Matthew includes the elders. Unlike a "high priest," the "chief priests" referred to here are not official offices ordained by God. Rather, they seem to be those priests with particular influence. Scribes are experts in the Mosaic law. They have a long history of arguing with Jesus because Jesus does not respect their traditional extensions of those commands. Elders are the well-respected, powerful businessmen of Jerusalem. Together, they are a fair representation of the Sanhedrin: the court that determines if a Jew has broken the Mosaic law. They have wanted Jesus destroyed for a long time (Mark 3:6), but the events of the last week (Mark 11:1—12:40) have left them desperate. If they are going to maintain their power, authority, and influence over the people, they need Jesus gone.

Members of the Sanhedrin already conspired at the home of Caiaphas, the high priest (Matthew 26:3–4). It was Caiaphas, through the inspiration of God, who decided Jesus should die: "…it is better for you that one man should die for the people, not that the whole nation should perish" (John 11:50). He thinks Jesus' death would prevent an uprising and protect the Jews from the Roman army. He didn't know God means Jesus' death for salvation for all nations (John 11:45–53).

The Passover is the commemoration of the night God killed the first-born Egyptian men and animals but "passed over" the homes of the Israelites who had put the blood of a lamb on their doorposts, at God's direction. This last plague compelled Pharaoh to agree to let the Israelites free long enough for them to escape over the dried Red Sea (Exodus 12—14). The Feast of Unleavened Bread (Leviticus 23:6–8) is a week-long continuation of this commemoration. The two celebrations are joined together in the minds of the participants and called collectively by either name.

"Stealth" is from the Greek root word dolos. It doesn't just mean to do something in secret; the term implies use of deceit, to be crafty. The Jewish leaders may have hidden their plans from the public, but not from Jesus. Matthew 26:2 mentions that at this time, Jesus tells the disciples "the Son of Man will be delivered up to be crucified," and Jesus has already warned the disciples at least three times (Mark 8:31; 9:31; 10:33–34).
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