What does Luke 12:56 mean?

Jesus is walking with the disciples through a crowd of thousands. He is trying to teach the disciples how to live on earth given the coming kingdom of God. They need to be careful to only speak the truth, be willing to give their lives in allegiance to Jesus, trust God for their needs, and wait for Jesus' return while shepherding other believers in their care (Luke 12:1–12, 22–48).

In the middle of His teaching, a man from the crowd calls out, insisting that Jesus convince his brother to share the family inheritance. Jesus refuses; His earthly ministry was not to be a civil judge, nor should His followers be worried about worldly wealth. They need to spend their time building a relationship with God (Luke 12:13–21).

In Luke 12:54–56, Jesus returns to the crowd and their misplaced priorities. They can see a cloud or feel a breeze and predict the weather. But they can't look around them and interpret the spiritual situation. The Messiah is right in front of them. He is calling them to repent and seek reconciliation with God. They're willing to follow Jesus, but they're more interested in food than salvation (John 6:26, 66).

The assembled people need to stop worrying so much about their earthly lives. Money doesn't save. Being a good person doesn't win a long life (Luke 13:1–5). They need to reconcile with each other (Luke 12:57–59) and repent of their sins while they can (Luke 13:6–9).

The "present time" includes the many signs Jesus and the disciples have been performing. Jews should have a good working knowledge of the books of the prophets. They should recognize how Jesus' works affirm His identity as the Messiah. If pagan nations had witnessed His deeds, they would have repented (Luke 10:12–14)—even Sodom and Nineveh! The Jews, however, continue asking for signs without seeing (Luke 11:16, 29–30).