What does Daniel 5:10 mean?

The "queen" noted here is not one of Belshazzar's wives or concubines (Daniel 5:1–2). Nor was she present for the blasphemous, drunken party which had been occurring (Daniel 5:3–4). She arrives in response to the king's abject horror (Daniel 5:5–6) and shouting (Daniel 5:7–8). She may have been Belshazzar's mother, but that is unlikely. She may have been Nebuchadnezzar's widow or one of Nebuchadnezzar's wives since polygamy was common in ancient times. Since the term used can mean "queen" or "queen mother," Scripture is not explicitly clear about who she is.

Regardless of identity, the queen tried to comfort Belshazzar. She greeted him warmly, wishing him longevity and peace of mind. Obviously, she saw the pale panic in his face. The queen was likely highly regarded and respected. Apparently, she was allowed to enter the banquet hall without an invitation. The Gentile world, like Israel, venerated old age (Exodus 20:12). Her words were those of a mother or grandmother, designed to put Belshazzar in a more hopeful mood. She knows of someone who can resolve Belshazzar's riddle (Daniel 5:11–12).