1 Kings 1:19
ESV
He has sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep in abundance, and has invited all the sons of the king, Abiathar the priest, and Joab the commander of the army, but Solomon your servant he has not invited.
NIV
He has sacrificed great numbers of cattle, fattened calves, and sheep, and has invited all the king’s sons, Abiathar the priest and Joab the commander of the army, but he has not invited Solomon your servant.
NASB
He has sacrificed oxen and fattened steers and sheep in abundance, and has invited all the sons of the king, Abiathar the priest, and Joab the commander of the army, but he has not invited Solomon your servant.
CSB
He has lavishly sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep. He invited all the king’s sons, the priest Abiathar, and Joab the commander of the army, but he did not invite your servant Solomon.
NLT
He has sacrificed many cattle, fattened calves, and sheep, and he has invited all the king’s sons to attend the celebration. He also invited Abiathar the priest and Joab, the commander of the army. But he did not invite your servant Solomon.
KJV
And he hath slain oxen and fat cattle and sheep in abundance, and hath called all the sons of the king, and Abiathar the priest, and Joab the captain of the host: but Solomon thy servant hath he not called.
NKJV
He has sacrificed oxen and fattened cattle and sheep in abundance, and has invited all the sons of the king, Abiathar the priest, and Joab the commander of the army; but Solomon your servant he has not invited.
What does 1 Kings 1:19 mean?
David is weak and sick. His servants have done everything they can to comfort him. Apparently, that includes keeping him from learning that his son Adonijah is, at this moment, claiming the crown (1 Kings 1:1–10). Nathan the prophet has enlisted Bathsheba to give David this news (1 Kings 1:13). Bathsheba bows and reminds David that he promised her son Solomon would be king, not Adonijah. As his newest concubine watches, Bathsheba tells David he doesn't even know what's happening in his own city (1 Kings 1:16–18).Abiathar has been with David for a long time. Years before, when David was running from Saul, Saul murdered the priests at Nob for giving David bread. Only Abiathar escaped the slaughter of his family, and he's been David's ally ever since (1 Samuel 22:6–23). Joab is not only the military commander, but also the son of David's sister (1 Chronicles 2:13–17). He probably arrived with David in exile shortly before Abiathar, when the men of David's family joined him in the Cave of Adullam (1 Samuel 22:1).
Joab's disloyalty is explainable. David has already fired him once, and he's yet to be punished for murdering two men (2 Samuel 3:27; 20:10). Abiathar's treason isn't explained. But that's not Bathsheba's point.
Adonijah invited Joab, Abiathar, his own brothers, and the officials of Judah to his coronation, but he didn't invite Solomon (1 Kings 1:9–10). That can only mean one thing: Adonijah knows David intends Solomon to be king. If David doesn't act quickly, both Solomon and Bathsheba will likely be executed as rivals to the throne (1 Kings 1:20–21).
This isn't the first time David has experienced the secret betrayal of a son. Absalom declared himself king long before (2 Samuel 15:7–12). This time is different. Despite David's age and frailty, and the disloyalty of his greatest general, he's wiser, and he knows there's more at stake than just his own reign. God told him Solomon would be king and build the temple. The establishment of the ark of the covenant and the altar in Jerusalem is David's greatest goal.
David hears Bathsheba and Nathan (1 Kings 1:22–27). Before Adonijah's party is over, Solomon is king (1 Kings 1:32–40).
